Between controversial constitutional reform, war in the Anglophone regions, persistent jihadist threat, and risk of financial crisis, Cameroon is entering a zone of severe turbulence.
In a report published in April 2026, the International Crisis Group warns of a dangerous rise in tensions at the top of the State.
The constitutional reform of April 14, 2026 continues to cause unrest in Yaoundé. In its analysis, the International Crisis Group (ICG) believes that the creation of a vice-presidency, presented by the government as a mechanism of institutional stability, could instead accelerate internal rivalries around the post-Biya era.
The international organization fears an intensification of succession struggles within the regime, in a political context already marked by strong tension. For the ICG, this reform comes at a time when Cameroon remains confronted with two major conflicts: the separatist war in the Anglophone regions of the Northwest and Southwest, as well as the jihadist insurgency in the Far North.
Since 2017, more than 6,500 people have been killed in violence related to the Anglophone crisis. Despite security operations, clashes continue, worsening an alarming humanitarian situation. According to international agencies, nearly 2.9 million Cameroonians will need humanitarian assistance in 2026.
To this security instability is added growing economic concern. The country faces a significant “debt wall” between 2026 and 2027, with increased risks of cash flow tensions and liquidity crisis.
Faced with this worrying picture, the ICG calls on the European Union to increase diplomatic pressure on Yaoundé in order to promote genuine political dialogue and curb repression against opponents.
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